Prince Philip's relationship with Indigenous people in Canada memorable, complicated
First Nations leaders, bush pilot among those sharing personal recollections of Philip
Prince Philip made more than 70 visits or stopovers in Canada between 1950 and 2013, many of which included meetings and events with First Nations leaders and people.
It was during one of those visits that the prince, who died on Friday at the age of 99, made an impression on Bill Erasmus.
In 1994, Erasmus was the Dene national chief and regional chief for the Assembly of First Nations (AFN). He was part of a contingent of Indigenous leaders who met with Queen Elizabeth and Philip when the royal couple paid a visit to Yellowknife to celebrate the creation of a new Inuit territory.
In a prepared speech before the Queen, Erasmus voiced his frustration that the federal government hadn't honoured treaties signed by the monarchy nearly a century ago. He said such inaction had "tarnished and sullied" the Crown's reputation.
But Erasmus later took part in a more private and relaxed function with the royals, where he found himself connecting with Philip over a shared interest.
"I knew that he was really big on climate change and environmental issues, so I thanked him for that," Erasmus said.
As they talked further, Erasmus was impressed by Philip's knowledge on the subject.
The prince criticized "how multinationals were approaching the environment, the great amount of wealth and the waste that they generated," and was keen "to keep the Earth pristine," Erasmus said.
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"He commended our people for having a similar view, so we hit it off that way," he said.
Erasmus said he found the prince's forthrightness "refreshing."
"He was really easy to get along with, really easy to speak to. He encouraged you to say what you had to say," Erasmus said.
Arctic char for 'a regular guy'
That easy camaraderie is also what Johnny May, a 75-year-old bush pilot from Kuujjuaq, remembers about Philip.
The Duke of Edinburgh used to pass through the northern Quebec community to refuel his private plane in the late '70s and early '80s, which is where May met and chatted with him on several occasions.
To him and the other pilots, Philip was just "a regular guy," May said in an interview with CBC News.
"We didn't treat him any special compared to any other pilot up at the airport. So I guess he enjoyed that and he seemed to be really relaxed around us."
May recalled one time giving Philip a couple of Arctic char to take home to England. A year later, Philip flew through again and had a message for May from "the missus": that "she enjoyed the Arctic char immensely."
May also said that Philip had a good sense of humour and was "always joking around."
History of controversial statements
However, some of Philip's comments have landed him in trouble, with the prince establishing a reputation over the years for blunt, controversial and sometimes offensive statements. In particular, some of his comments about Indigenous people and ethnic minorities were seen as racist, not funny.
For example, on a 2002 visit to Australia with the Queen, Philip infamously asked a group of Aboriginal people if "you still throw spears at each other."
In 1995, he insulted the locals on a visit to Scotland by saying to a Scottish driving instructor: "How do you keep the natives off the booze long enough to pass the test?"
Indeed, Buckingham Palace felt compelled to issue an apology after another gaffe in 1999, when Philip, while touring a factory in Scotland, remarked that a fuse box looked so crude "as though it was put in by an Indian."
It was unclear whether he was referring to people from India or Indigenous people although he later explained the comment by saying, "I meant to say cowboys. I just got my cowboys and Indians mixed up."
The palace issued an apology:
"The Duke of Edinburgh regrets any offence which may have been caused by remarks he is reported as making earlier today," its statement said. "With hindsight, he accepts that what were intended as lighthearted comments were inappropriate."
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Legacy of public service
Some Indigenous leaders have indicated a desire to not dwell on any past controversies and instead focus on Philip's public service, as well as the Royal Family's role in advancing Indigenous affairs in Canada.
Shawn Atleo met Philip in passing as part of official royal visits when he was AFN national chief from 2009 to 2014. He spoke with CBC News in March, when Philip was in hospital.
"I know that the principals that I engaged with, whether it was the Queen herself, Prince Charles or other members, always expressed respect and support for the treaty relationship," Atleo said.
He also expressed sympathy for the intense spotlight the family operates under.
"I know mine, like a lot of people's hearts, will go out to the family for the amount of attention that they get," he said.
In a statement to CBC News on Friday, current AFN National Chief Perry Bellegarde extended his condolences to the Royal Family and paid tribute to Philip's legacy.
"In almost a century of life, Prince Philip has given so much to public service and was a lifelong champion of many worthy causes, especially youth fitness and volunteerism," he said.
With files from Karen Pauls, Janet Davison and CBC News
